What are Personality Disorders?

Personality Disorders are defined by widespread patterns of behavior and thinking that cause a person to greatly differ from social expectations—oftentimes to a degree that creates distress in themselves or others. These behaviors limit their ability to develop strong relationships, perform well at work or school or function well as a part of society.  

There are ten disorders classified beneath the personality disorder umbrella. These disorders are: Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive*, Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic, Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal.  

Diagnosing a personality disorder is a complex process that is best done by a clinician who can build a therapeutic relationship with the person in distress. Cultural differences and expectations, among many other factors, need to be considered when determining if an individual’s personality and behavior are considered disordered. This step is critical in treating a patient, as an accurate diagnosis is necessary to improve a patient’s mood and emotional wellbeing.  

*Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) is distinctly different from Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD.) 

What are the common symptoms? 

The core symptoms of all personality disorders include:   

  • Frequent Mood Swings 

  • Difficulty having strong relationships 

  • Feeling insulted or manipulated  

  • Often directs blame onto others 

  • Attention seeking behaviors 

  • Difficulty forming and maintaining relationships 

  • Choosing to be disconnected or detached from others 

Treatment Options

Generally, talk therapy is the first treatment for anyone experiencing a personality disorder. 

Psychotherapy (AKA Talk Therapy) 

Medication can treat some of the symptoms of personality disorder, but psychotherapy is a necessary addition. Medications can especially be helpful when someone has another mental health diagnosis in addition to their personality disorder.  

Medication 

Educating patients and their families about personality disorders is essential. Having a healthy support system to count on while undergoing treatment makes a difference to those impacted by personality disorders. 

Lifestyle Changes